Type Designation
The type designation is the specific product classification label, such as "Straight Bourbon Whisky" or "London Dry Gin," that must appear on the product's label to identify its class and type according to TTB standards of identity.
In Plain English
The type designation is the official product name that tells you exactly what kind of alcohol is in the bottle. It is not the brand name; it is the generic product description. "Blended Scotch Whisky," "Silver Tequila," "Brut Champagne," and "India Pale Ale" are all type designations. This designation must appear prominently on the label and must accurately describe the product according to TTB definitions. A producer cannot call their product "bourbon" if it does not meet all the legal requirements for bourbon. The type designation is one of the first things a TTB specialist checks during COLA review.
Technical Detail
Type designations for spirits are specified in 27 CFR Part 5 Subpart D. The designation must appear on the principal display panel (front label) in a type size that meets minimum requirements relative to the brand name and other text. For spirits, the type designation must include the class (e.g., "whisky"), any applicable sub-type (e.g., "bourbon"), and qualifying terms (e.g., "straight," "bottled in bond"). For wine, the type can be a varietal name (e.g., "Cabernet Sauvignon"), a generic type (e.g., "Red Wine"), or a semi-generic designation where permitted. Malt beverages must use an approved type such as "Beer," "Ale," "Lager," or "Stout." Specialty products without a standard type designation must use a "statement of composition" describing the product.
Why It Matters
Type designations drive how products are categorized, shelved, and discovered by consumers and trade buyers. The precision of these designations affects everything from distribution channel placement to consumer expectations. For compliance consultants, ensuring the correct type designation is a core service since an incorrect designation is among the most common causes of COLA rejection. For market analysts, type designations enable granular competitive analysis within categories.
Related Terms
Frequently Asked Questions
Where must the type designation appear on the label?
The type designation must appear on the principal display panel (front label) of the container. It must be in a conspicuous location and in a type size that meets the minimum requirements specified in TTB regulations for the container size.
Can I use a type designation from another country?
Some type designations are tied to geographic origin. "Scotch Whisky" must come from Scotland, "Tequila" from designated Mexican regions. Other designations like "vodka" and "gin" are not geographically restricted and can be produced anywhere.
What if my product does not fit any standard type?
Products that do not match a standard type designation are classified as specialty products and must bear a "statement of composition" that truthfully describes the product. This requires formula approval from TTB before COLA submission.